Krishna's dearest friend and exclusive refuge
Arjuna's entire career is the exemplar of Krishna-sharana in the Bhagavata; as his charioteer Krishna stood by him.
King
Arjuna
अर्जुन
Also known as कपिध्वजः · पार्थः · फाल्गुनः · जिष्णुः · धनंजयः · गुडाकेशः · किरीटमाली
Arjuna is the third son of Pandu and Kunti, Krishna's dearest friend: hero of the Mahabharata war, disciple of the Bhagavad-gita; traditionally the son of Indra. The Gandiva bow and Kapidhvaja chariot are his emblems. In SB 1.7 he faces Ashvatthama's brahmastra, calls to Krishna as 'protector of devotees', and on Krishna's direction administers the shaving-punishment to Ashvatthama.
Śrīmad Bhāgavata Mahāpurāṇa 1.7.15 — Sanskrit Wikisource (pinned oldid=110178)
Student
Drona
Sage
Arjuna is the student of Drona. Source evidence (SB 1.7.44): Arjuna learned the Dhanurveda from Drona: 'sarahasyo dhanurvedah... bhavata shikshito yad-anugrahat' (SB 1.7.44). Direction: pupil -> teacher. Evidence: EXPLICIT.
Husband Subhadra HumanArjuna is the husband of Subhadra. Source evidence (SB 1.10.9): Subhadra is Arjuna's wife; at SB 1.10.9 she is counted among the women of the Hastinapura household, and she is Abhimanyu's mother (the Kuru line of SB 1.8.14). Evidence: STRONG_CONTEXT.
Student Krishna DeityArjuna is the student of Krishna. Source evidence (SB 1.9.36): Krishna removed Arjuna's wrong understanding by the science of the Self: 'kumatim aharad atma-vidyaya' (SB 1.9.36) — a reference to the Bhagavad-gita. Direction: teacher -> pupil. Evidence: EXPLICIT.
Father Abhimanyu KingArjuna is the father of Abhimanyu. Source evidence (SB 1.10.9): Abhimanyu is Arjuna's son; SB 1.7.14 and the preservation of Uttara's womb 'kuru-tantave' at SB 1.8.14 together establish him as Arjuna's son and Parikshit's father. Direction: son -> father. Evidence: STRONG_CONTEXT.
Son Kunti HumanArjuna is the son of Kunti. Source evidence (SB 1.9.13): Arjuna is the son of Kunti; included among Pritha's young children at SB 1.9.13 and in 'sahatmaja' at SB 1.8.23. Direction: son -> mother. Evidence: STRONG_CONTEXT.
Able to withdraw both brahmastras
'matam ca vasudevasya samjaharajuno dvayam' (SB 1.7.32) — unlike Ashvatthama (SB 1.7.20), Arjuna knew the recall.
Returned from Dvaraka pale and weeping
'tam padayor nipatitam ayatha-purvam aturam adho-vadanam ab-bindun srijantam nayanabjayoh' (SB 1.14.23) — 'ayatha-purvam', never so before.
Lost his own power with Krishna's departure
'vancito 'ham maharaja harina bandhu-rupina yena me 'pahritam tejo deva-vismapanam mahat' (SB 1.15.5); the same bow and chariot, yet 'emptied of the Lord' all became unreal (SB 1.15.21).
Regained the knowledge of the Bhagavad-gita
'gitam bhagavata jnanam yat tat sangrama-murdhani kala-karma-tamo-ruddham punar adhyagamat prabhuh' (SB 1.15.30) — through devotion swelled by meditation on Vasudeva's feet (SB 1.15.29).
Ruling the earth under a single parasol
During Vidura's wandering, Partha ruled the earth as a single wheel under one parasol, by the might of the Unconquered: 'shashAsa kShitim ekachakrAm ekAtapatrAm ajitena pArthaH' (SB 3.1.20).
Arjuna — member of — Pandavas
Arjuna is the third of the Pandavas. Evidence: STRONG_CONTEXT.
Arjuna — won — Draupadi
Arjuna won Draupadi at the svayamvara by stringing the bow and piercing the fish: 'sajji-kritena dhanushadhigata ca krishna' (SB 1.15.7) — and this by taking shelter in Krishna. Evidence: EXPLICIT.